PVC-based Artificial Leather (PVC-AL) imakhalabe chinthu chodziwika bwino m'kati mwa magalimoto, upholstery, ndi nsalu zamakampani chifukwa cha mtengo wake, kutheka kwake, komanso kusinthasintha kwake. Komabe, kupanga kwake kumakhudzidwa ndi zovuta zaukadaulo zomwe zimachokera ku mankhwala a polima - zovuta zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito, kutsata malamulo, komanso kupanga bwino.
Kuwonongeka kwa Matenthedwe: Cholepheretsa Chachikulu Chokonzekera
Kusakhazikika kwachilengedwe kwa PVC pa kutentha kwanthawi zonse (160-200 ° C) kumabweretsa vuto lalikulu. Polimayo imadutsa dehydrochlorination (HCl kuchotsa) kudzera munjira yodzipangira yokha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zitatu:
• Kusokoneza ndondomeko:Kutulutsidwa kwa HCl kumawononga zida zachitsulo (zotengera, zokutira zimafa) ndikupangitsa kuti matrix a PVC asungunuke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa batch ngati matuza kapena makulidwe osalingana.
• Kusintha kwamtundu:Magawo ophatikizika a polyene omwe amapangidwa pakuwonongeka amatulutsa chikasu kapena bulauni, kulephera kukwaniritsa miyezo yokhazikika yamitundu yamapulogalamu apamwamba kwambiri.
• Kutaya katundu wamakina:Chain scission imafooketsa netiweki ya polima, kumachepetsa mphamvu yachikopa yomalizidwa ndi kung'ambika ndi 30% pakagwa zoopsa kwambiri.
Mavuto Ogwirizana ndi Zachilengedwe ndi Malamulo
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Kupanga kwachikhalidwe kwa PVC-AL kumayang'anizana ndi kutukuka kwa malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi (mwachitsanzo, EU REACH, US EPA VOC miyezo):
• Kutulutsa kwa Volatile organic compound (VOC):Kuwonongeka kwa kutentha ndi kuphatikizika kwa mapulasitiki osungunulira opangidwa ndi zosungunulira (mwachitsanzo, zotengera za phthalate) zomwe zimapitilira malire otulutsa.
• Heavy metal zotsalira:Machitidwe okhazikika (monga lead, cadmium-based) amasiya zonyansa, zoletsa katundu ku eco-label certification (mwachitsanzo, OEKO-TEX® 100).
• Mapeto a moyo recyclability:PVC yosakhazikika imaonongekanso panthawi yobwezeretsanso makina, kupanga leachate yapoizoni ndikuchepetsa kusungidwa kwa feedstock zobwezerezedwanso.
Kusalimba Kukhazikika Pansi Pazochita Zantchito
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Ngakhale kupanga pambuyo pake, PVC-AL yosakhazikika imavutitsidwa ndi ukalamba:
• Kuwonongeka kwa UV:Kuwala kwa Dzuwa kumayambitsa kutsekemera kwa zithunzi, kuthyola unyolo wa polima ndikupangitsa kuti zisawonongeke-zofunika kwambiri pamagalimoto kapena upholstery wakunja.
• Kusamuka kwa pulasitiki:Popanda kulimbikitsana kwa matrix okhazikika, ma plasticizer amatsika pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuuma komanso kusweka.
Ntchito Yochepetsera ya PVC Stabilizers: Njira ndi Mtengo
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PVC stabilizers amalimbana ndi zowawazi poyang'ana njira zowonongeka pamlingo wa maselo, ndi mapangidwe amakono omwe amagawidwa m'magulu ogwira ntchito:
▼ Ma Thermal Stabilizers
Izi zimagwira ngati HCl scavenger ndi chain terminators:
• Amachepetsa HCl yotulutsidwa (kudzera ndi sopo wachitsulo kapena organic ligands) kuti ayimitse autocatalysis, kukulitsa kukhazikika kwawindo lazenera ndi mphindi 20-40.
• Organic co-stabilizers (mwachitsanzo, ma phenols olepheretsa) amatchera ma free radicals opangidwa panthawi yakuwonongeka, kuteteza kukhulupirika kwa ma molekyulu ndikupewa kusinthika.
▼ Ma Stabilizers Owala
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Kuphatikizidwa ndi machitidwe otentha, amayamwa kapena kutaya mphamvu ya UV:
• Zoyatsira UV (monga ma benzophenones) zimatembenuza ma radiation a UV kukhala kutentha kosavulaza, pomwe zolepheretsa kuwala kwa amine (HALS) zimapanganso magawo owonongeka a polima, kuwirikiza kawiri moyo wa ntchito yapanja.
▼ Mapangidwe Othandizira Eco
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Calcium-zinc (Ca-Zn) yokhazikika yokhazikikaasintha mitundu ya heavy metal, kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito. Amachepetsanso mpweya wa VOC ndi 15-25% pochepetsa kuwonongeka kwa kutentha panthawi yokonza.
Ma Stabilizers ngati Njira Yoyambira
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PVC stabilizers sizinthu zowonjezera-ndizothandizira kupanga PVC-AL yotheka. Pochepetsa kuwonongeka kwa kutentha, kuwonetsetsa kutsatiridwa kwa malamulo, komanso kukulitsa kukhazikika, amathetsa zolakwika zamkati za polima. Izi zati, sangathe kuthana ndi zovuta zonse zamakampani: kupita patsogolo kwa bio-based plasticizers ndi kubwezeretsanso mankhwala kumakhalabe kofunikira kuti agwirizanitse PVC-AL ndi zolinga zachuma zozungulira. Komabe, pakadali pano, makina okhazikika okhazikika ndi njira yokhwima mwaukadaulo komanso yotsika mtengo kwambiri yopita ku zikopa za PVC zamtundu wapamwamba komanso zogwirizana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-12-2025